The purpose of this study was to develop a scale for measuring the service quality in sport scientific journals. A mixed approach was conducted to fulfill the research objectives. In qualitative phase 15 sport paper writer were interviewed and in quantitative phase, 357 sport researchers were studied through systematic random sampling. The face and content validity of the scale was confirmed by 15 experts and the final questionnaire of the scientific journals service quality was provided to 29 subjects. 26 items were ranked in five factors (accountability speed, executive structure, trustworthiness, employees and updating) based on exploratory factor analysis with orthogonal rotation. Cronbach's alpha, KMO, Bartlett Test and confirmatory factor analysis were used by SPSS and LISREL for data analysis. It is worth noting that the results of confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0. 91) supported the five-factor structure of JourQual scale and confirmed its validity and reliability.

The sport tourism industry is a service industry, and as such is largely influenced by the quality of the services provided. Also, considering the service quality and satisfaction that are important issues in tourism policy, could be useful for sport tourism development. So, the objective of this research was to determine the effect of sport tourism service quality dimensions on sport tourists' satisfaction. The research method was descriptive–correlation and the statistical sample consisted of 265 tourists attended to Tehran's Azadi stadium for watching a football game between Esteghlal and Persepolis in March 2011. The research instrument was a questionnaire that had been used in Shonk's PhD. dissertation. The validity was approved by doing Exploratory Factor Analysis and opinion of sport management experts. The reliability was verified by ( Cronbach's alpha method, a=0.89). The SPSS16 was used to do descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis. Also, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were done by LISREL. The results showed the effect of "access quality" (effect coefficient=0.79, T value=4) and "contest quality" (effect coefficient=0.61, T value=2.90) on satisfaction was significant but the influence of "sport complex quality" (effect coefficient=0.06, T value=0.61) on satisfaction was not significant. It can be concluded every dimension of sport tourism service quality has a special effect on the satisfaction of tourists that should be noted.

Sport tourism is a service industry and in the service industry customer retention is more important than attracting new customers. Also, high quality service and products is one of the most important factors affecting customer retention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to survey the role of sport tourism service quality dimensions in sport tourists' intent to return. The research method was descriptive - correlation and the statistical sample consisted of 265 tourists attended to Tehran's Azadi stadium for watching a football game between Esteghlal and Persepolis in March 20 II. The research instrument was a questionnaire had been used in Shonk's P.HD. dissertation. The validity was approved by doing Exploratory Factor Analysis and opinion of sport management instructors. The reliability was verified by Cronbach's alpha method, a=0.89). The SPSSI6 was used to do descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis. Also, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were done by LISREL. The result showed although "access quality", "sport complex quality" and "contest quality" had significant influence on "sport tourists' intent to return", the effect of access quality was more than the others. So, it can be concluded all sport tourism service quality dimensions have different effects on sport tourists' intent to return and for giving high quality services some factors should be more considered.

The main objective of this research was to evaluate reliability and validity of Recovery Stress Questionnaire for Athlestes (Rest Q-Sport). Professional and semi-professional athletes of handball and basketball constitute statistical population of current work. Some 510 athletes were chosen in random as statistical samples. Measurement tool used was a Rest Q-Sport comprised of 76 questions with 19 sub scales (general stress, emotional stress, social stress, struggle/strain, fatigue, energy deficiency, physical problems, success, social recovery, physical recovery, general health, sleep quality, impaired relaxation, emotional fatigue, injury, physical fitness, personal problems, self-efficacy, self-regulation). The scoring method was based on a 5-choiced Likert scale. Face and content validity of the questionnaire was verified after being translated by expert professors of physical exercise. Statistical methods applied were descriptive indexes for description of data, Cronbach’s alpha for reliability assessment, confirmatory factor analysis, and t individual samples for studying difference with average values. Research findings were indicative of a=0.98 reliability for Rest Q-Sport. All questions showed significant relations with the factor in terms of structure validity and based on the extent of relations and T-values. Indexes of x2/df=2.03, RMSEA=0.052, NFI=0.97, NNFI=0.93, IFI=0.98, RFI=0.91, GFI=0.93, AGFI=0.90 also demonstrated fitness of the model altogether. Moreover, regarding the relation between factors and concept of improved stress for athletes, the obtained results indicated that all factors were able to predict the concept of improved stress well. Therefore, internal and external validities of the model “improved stress for athletes” were confirmed as well.

Nowadays, developed nations are well aware of the important educational role of sports and its significant impacts on the social health, promotion of efficiency, national unity, and the proper use of spare time. At the transnational level, sport is an effective means for establishing appropriate relationships between different societies. Therefore, given the evident and influential features of physical activities, providing sport services is one of the most important challenges of a government. On the other hand, the distribution of sport facilities is very important in terms of the social justice and the equal distribution of sport opportunities. The geographical location of some areas of Zanjan and the lack of observation of urban development principles in the past have blocked the way for an equal distribution of the sport facilities in different districts. Therefore there is an urgent need for the uniform establishment and the fair distribution of sport spaces in the city. Thus, this research is an attempt to consider and analyze the distribution of the population and the sport service centers in Zanjan with the goal of directing the attention of the city officials toward this challenge to solve the problem.